bla Preface and introduction / Yahia H. Zoubir and Gregory White -- A political economy perspective on North African transitions / Gonzalo Escribano -- Maghrebi youth in the wake of the Arab Spring : general observations and evidence from Tunisia and Algeria / Mark Tessler and Jennifer Miller-Gonzalez -- Civil-military relations in Algeria and Egypt : a comparative analysis / Miloud Chennoufi -- Security sector reforms in North Africa / Eduard Soler i Lecha -- Berbers in an Arab Spring : the politics of amazigh identity and the North African uprisings / Michael J. Willis -- Civil insurrections in North Africa : history and prospects / Stephen Zunes -- Social media and mobilization in the Arab Spring and beyond / Lina Khatib -- Western Sahara : change under the radar / Alice Wilson -- Algeria : reforms without change? / Ahmed Aghrout and Yahia Zoubir -- The making and unmaking of the 2012 constitution in Egypt / Ibrahim Awad -- Libya : from 'reform' to revolution / Alison Pargeter -- Political change in Mauritania : desperately seeking its 'Arab Spring' / Abdoulaye Diagana -- Morocco : keeping revolution at bay with an enhanced status quo / Azzedine Layachi -- From democratic consensus to a struggle for power : the fragility of transition in Tunisia / Emma C. Murphy -- The evolving foreign policies of North African states (2011-2014) : new trends in constraints, political processes and behavior / Miguel Hernando de Larramendi and Irene Fernandez Molina -- The United States and North Africa / Yahia H. Zoubir and Stephen Zunes -- Barcelona, twenty years on / George Joffe -- China in North Africa : a strategic partnership / Imen Belhadj and Degang Sun, with the collaboration of Yahia Zoubir -- The role of the GCC in North Africa in light of the Arab Spring / Elena Maestri -- North Africa's energy challenges / Hakim Darbouche and John Hamilton.